Haryana GK Basic Introduction
Haryana Basic Information
Basic Facts | |
Date of Formation | 1st November, 1966 |
Capital | Chandigarh |
Neighbouring States/ Union Territories | Uttar Pradesh in the East, Punjab in the West, Himachal Pradesh in the North and by Rajasthan in the West and South. Haryana Surrounds the country’s capital Delhi on three sides, forming the Northern, Western and Southern borders of Delhi. |
Official Languages | Punjabi, Hindi |
Regional Language | Haryanvi |
- Haryana is one of the most economically developed regions in South Asia HI and its agricultural and manufacturing industry has experienced sustained growth since the 1970s. It is also India’s largest manufacturer of passenger cars, two-wheelers and tractors. Since 2000, the state has emerged as the largest recipient of investment per capita in India.
Geographical Facts | |
Area | 44212 km2 |
Area Rank | 21st |
Latitude | 27° 39’to 30° 35’N |
Longitude | 74° 28’to 77° 36’E |
Area under Forest | 1559 km2 |
Main River | Yamuna |
Other Rivers | Ghaggar, Saraswati, Sahibi, Tangiri |
Mountain Ranges | Shivalik hills to the North-East and Aravalli range in the South |
Demography (As per Census 2011) | |
Total Population | 25351462 |
Male | 13494734 |
Female | 11856728 |
Rural Population | 16509359 |
Urban Population | 8842103 |
Decadal Growth Rate | 19.90% |
Population Density | 573 |
Sex Ratio | 879 |
Child Population | 3380721 |
Male | 1843109 |
Female | 1537612 |
Overall Literacy Rate | 75.55% |
Male | 84.06% |
Female | 65.94% |
Child Sex Ratio | 834 |
Scheduled Caste population | 5113615 |
Position of Haryana in India | |
In terms of | Rank |
Area | 21st |
Population | 17th |
Decadal Growth Rate | 16th |
Child Population (0-6 years age) | 16th |
Child Sex Ratio | 35th |
Population Density | 11th |
Sex Ratio | 30th |
Literacy Rate | 22nd |
Scheduled Caste Population | 12th |
SC Population Percentage | 5th |
Urban Population Percentage | 16th |
Health Profile | |
Health Indicatorss | Status |
Crude Birth Rate (SRS 2013) | 21.3 |
Crude Death Rate (SRS 2013) | 6.3 |
Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2012) | 2.3 |
Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2013) | 41 |
Maternal Mortality Rate (SRS 2010-12) | 146 |
Administration | |
Districts | 21 |
Administrative Divisions | 4 (Ambala, Rohtak, Gurgaon, Hisar) |
High Court in the District | Chandigarh |
Sub-Divisions | 62 |
Tehsils | 83 |
Sub-Tehsils | 47 |
Blocks | 126 |
Towns | 154 |
Villages (included inhabited) | 6841 |
Zila Parishad | 21 |
Panchayat Samiti | 119 |
Gram Panchayats | 6083 |
First Governor | Dharma Vira |
First Chief Minister | Pandit Bhagwat Dayal Sharma |
Legislature | Unicameral – 90 seats |
Lok Sabha Constituencies | 10 |
Rajya Sabha Constituencies | 5 |
Economic Facts | |
Main Crops | Wheat, Gram, Oil seeds, Rice, Maize, Cotton, Peanuts, Jowar, Bajra, etc. |
Rice Bowl | Karnal, Kaithal, Kurukshetra and Jind |
Main Industries | Cement (Surajpur), Maruti Car (Gurgaon), Cycles (Sonipat), Pottery (Rewari), Woollen (Hisar, Panipat), Engineering (Faridabad), Plastics (Faridabad), Medicine (Gurgaon) |
Hi-tech Technology Park | Gurgaon |
Petrochemical Hub | Panipat |
IT Parks | Panchkula and IMT Manesar |
Cyber City and Medicity | Gurgaon |
Main Minerals | Iron ores (Mahendragarh, Bhiwani), Shora (Hisar, Sirsa) |
Haryana : State Symbol
State Tree Peepal
A native tree of India ‘Peepal’, has been declared state tree of Haryana. AH parts of the Peepal tree, including roots, bark, leaf and fruit, are useful.
- Its ripe fruits are good for the foul taste, thirst and heart diseases. The powered fruit is taken for Asthma. Its seeds have proved useful in urinary troubles. The leaves are used to treat constipation.
State Flower Lotus
- The Lotus or the Water Lily is an aquatic plant with broad floating green leaves and bright fragrant flowers that grow only in shallow waters. Based on the colour of its flower, it is divided into two types, the red lotus flower and the white lotus flower. The beautiful flowers float and have many petals overlapping in a symmetrical pattern. Lotuses, prized for their serene beauty, are delightful to behold as their blossoms open on the surface of a pond.
State Animal Black Buck
- Black Buck, also known as Antelope, mainly of India, but with other small populations in Pakistan and Nepal. The Black Buck has ringed horns that have a moderate spiral twist of three to four turns and are upto 70 cm (28 in) long. The name Black Buck has also been applied to the sable Antelope of Africa. The adult male stands about 80 cm (about 32 in) at the shoulder and weighs 32 to 43 kg (71 to 95 lb). The body’s upper parts are black; the under parts and a ring around the eyes are white. The light-brown female is usually hornless. Males are dark brown.
State Bird Black Francolin
- Black Francolin, sometimes known as Black Partridge, is a widespread breeding resident in most of the North and Central India, called Kala Teetar in Hindi, this handsome stub-tailed game bird is found near cultivation and scrub, bordering wetlands.
- Black Francolin prefers crops, grass and bushes, tall enough to offer shelter and open beneath to provide easy escape on ground. It is more closely associated with water than the Grey Francolin.
Demographic Profile of Haryana
- Haryana came into existence on 1st November, 1966 as a newly created state carved out from the Indian Punjab (East Punjab) state on the basis of language. The state has a total area of 44212 km2 and it is bounded by Uttar Pradesh in the East, Punjab in the West, Himachal Pradesh in the North and by Rajasthan in the West and South. It also surrounds the country’s capital Delhi on three sides, forming the Northern, Western and and Southern borders of Delhi.
- According to Census 2011, Haryana has a population of 25351462 comprising 13494734 males and 11856728 females. The state is the 17th most populous state of the country having 2.09% population of the country. In terms of area, it is the 21st largest state in India.
Distribution of Population
- As per Census 2011, Faridabad has highest population in Haryana followed by Hisar, Bhiwani and Gurgaon whereas Panchkula district of Haryana has least population followed by Rewari, Mahendragarh and Fatehabad.
- Faridabad has highest both male and female population followed by Hisar, Bhiwani and Gurgaon, whereas Panchkula has least male and female population followed by Rewari and Mahendragarh.
Growth of Population in Haryana | ||||||
Year | Population | Variation in Population | Decennial Percentage Increase | Males | Females | Sex Ratio |
1901 | 4623064 | – | – | 2476390 | 2146674 | 867 |
1911 | 4174677 | (-)4.48,387 | (-)9.70 | 2274909 | 1899768 | 835 |
1921 | 4255892 | 81215 | 1.95 | 2307985 | 1947907 | 844 |
1931 | 4559917 | 304025 | 7.14 | 2473228 | 2086689 | 844 |
1941 | 5272829 | 712912 | 15.63 | 2821783 | 2451046 | 869 |
1951 | 5673597 | 400768 | 7.60 | 3031612 | 2641985 | 871 |
1961 | 7590524 | 1916927 | 33.79 | 4062787 | 3527737 | 868 |
1971 | 10036431 | 2445907 | 33.22 | 5377044 | 4659387 | 867 |
1981 | 12922119 | 2885688 | 28.75 | 6909679 | 6012440 | 870 |
1991 | 16463648 | 3541529 | 27.41 | 8827474 | 7636174 | 865 |
2001 | 21144564 | 4680916 | 28.43 | 11363953 | 9780611 | 861 |
2011 | 25351462 | 4206898 | 19.90 | 13494734 | 11856728 | 879 |
- of Haryana has least population followed by Rewari, Mahendragarh and Fatehabad.
- Faridabad has highest both male and female population followed by Hisar, Bhiwani and Gurgaon, whereas Panchkula has least male and female population followed by Rewari and Mahendragarh.
- Haryana has recorded a decadal growth rate of 19.90% which is higher than the national average of 17.7%. The decadal growth rate is highest in Panipat (24.60%) followed by Panchkula (19.83%) and Karnal (18.14%) and negative in Faridabad (-1754) and Gurgaon (- 8.79).
Important Points
- The decadal growth rate was negative in the year 1911.
- The decadal growth rate was highest in the year 1961.
Rural-Urban Population
Haryana’s 34.88% of total population is living in urban area which is higher than the national average of 31.1%, whereas, 65.12% of its population is rural which is slightly lower than the national average of 68.9%.
Rural Population
- Mewat district of Haryana has highest percentage of rural population followed by Mahendragarh and Fatehabad. Faridabad has least percentage of rural population followed by Gurgaon and Panchkula.
Urban Population
- Faridabad district of Haryana has highest percentage of urban population followed by Gurgaon and Panchkula. Mewat has least percentage of urban population followed by Mahendragarh and Fatehabad.
Population Density
- As per Census 2011, the population density of Haryana is 573, which is higher than the national average of 382. In terms of area, it is the 21st largest state of India. Bhiwani is the largest district of Haryana. Faridabad, covering an area of 741 km2, is the smallest district of Haryana.
- Faridabad has highest population density of 2442 followed by Gurgaon (1204) and Panipat (951).
- Sirsa district of Haryana has lowest population density of 303 followed by Bhiwani (342) and Fatehabad (371).
District-wise Sex Ratio | ||
District | Sex Ratio (2001) | Sex Ratio (2011) |
Panchkula | 823 | 873 |
Ambala | 868 | 885 |
Yamunanagar | 862 | 878 |
Kurukshetra | 866 | 888 |
Kaithal | 853 | 881 |
Karnal | 865 | 887 |
Panipat | 829 | 864 |
Sonipat | 839 | 856 |
Jind | 853 | 871 |
Fatehabad | 884 | 902 |
Sirsa | 882 | 898 |
Hisar | 851 | 872 |
Bhiwani | 879 | 886 |
Rohtak | 847 | 867 |
Jhajjar | 847 | 862 |
Mahendragarh | 918 | 895 |
Rewari | 899 | 898 |
Gurgaon | 873 | 854 |
Mewat | * | 907 |
Faridabad | 840 | 873 |
Palwal | ** | 881 |
Haryana | 861 | 879 |
Sex Ratio
- According to Census 2011, sex ratio of Haryana is 879 which is lower than the national average of 943. Mewat district of Haryana has highest sex ratio of 907 followed by Fatehabad (902), Sirsa (898) and Rewari (898). Gurgaon district of Haryana has lowest sex ratio of 854 followed by Sonipat (856) and Jhajjar (862)
- * Mewat became a district on 4th April, 2005
- ** Palwal became a district on 15th August, 2008.
Rural-Urban Sex ratio
- The rural sex ratio of Haryana increased in Census 2011 to 882 from 866 in 2001, whereas urban sex ratio increased to 873 in 2011 from 847 in 2001.
Rural-Urban Sex Ratio | ||
2001 | 2011 | |
Haryana | 861 | 879 |
Rural | 866 | 882 |
Urban | 847 | 873 |
Rural Sex Ratio
- Mewat and Rewari district of Haryana has highest rural sex ratio of 907 followed by Fatehabad (902) and Kurukshetra (899). Sonipat has lowest rural sex ratio of 850 followed by Rohtak (852) and Panipat (860).
Urban Sex Ratio
- Mewat district of Haryana has highest urban sex ratio of 907 followed by Fatehabad (900) and Sirsa (896). Gurgaon district of Haryana has lowest urban sex ratio of 844 followed by Hisar (861) and Kurukshetra (862).
District-wise Rural-Urban Sex Ratio (Census 2011 : Final Data) | |||
District | Total Sex Ratio | Rural Sex Ratio | Urban Sex Ratio |
Panchkula | 873 | 863 | 881 |
Ambala | 885 | 892 | 876 |
Yamunanagar | 878 | 882 | 871 |
Kurukshetra | 888 | 899 | 862 |
Kaithal | 881 | 880 | 887 |
Karnal | 887 | 886 | 890 |
Panipat | 864 | 860 | 868 |
Sonipat | 856 | 850 | 869 |
Jind | 871 | 868 | 881 |
Fatehabad | 902 | 902 | 900 |
Sirsa | 898 | 898 | 896 |
Hisar | 872 | 877 | 861 |
Bhiwani | 886 | 886 | 885 |
Rohtak | 867 | 852 | 887 |
Jhajjar | 862 | 861 | 865 |
Mahendragarh | 895 | 896 | 890 |
Rewari | 898 | 907 | 873 |
Gurgaon | 854 | 878 | 844 |
Mewat | 907 | 907 | 907 |
Faridabad | 873 | 872 | 874 |
Palwal | 881 | 880 | 884 |
Haryana | 879 | 882 | 873 |
District-wise Child Population (0-6 years) (Census 2011 : Final Data) | |||
District | Total Population | Male Population | Female Population |
Panchkula | 66302 | 35583 | 30719 |
Ambala | 127689 | 70541 | 57148 |
Yamunanagar | 146789 | 80393 | 66396 |
Kurukshetra | 116957 | 64320 | 52637 |
Kaithal | 139393 | 76258 | 63135 |
Karnal | 196610 | 107797 | 88813 |
Panipat | 169662 | 92380 | 77282 |
Sonipat | 188262 | 104693 | 83569 |
Jind | 168554 | 91710 | 76844 |
Fatehabad | 121024 | 65279 | 55745 |
Sirsa | 157667 | 84684 | 72983 |
Hisar | 215167 | 116229 | 98938 |
Bhiwani | 212011 | 115756 | 96255 |
Rohtak | 129330 | 71041 | 58289 |
Jhajjar | 120051 | 67380 | 52671 |
Mahendragarh | 111181 | 62638 | 48543 |
Rewari | 113893 | 63743 | 50150 |
Gurgaon | 202602 | 110705 | 91897 |
Mewat | 248128 | 130168 | 117960 |
Faridabad | 251955 | 136679 | 117960 |
Palwal | 177494 | 95132 | 115276 |
Haryana | 3380721 | 1843109 | 82362 |
Child Population in Haryana
- Child population refers to the child between the age group of 0-6 years. The total child population of the state is 3380721, which is 13.34% of total population of the state, out of which 1843109 are male child, which is 13.66% of total male population of the state and 1537612 is female child population, which is 12.97% of total female population of the state.
- Faridabad has highest male-female child population followed by Mewat and Hisar. Panchkula district of Haryana has lowest male-female child population followed by Mahendragarh and Rewari.
Child Sex Ratio
- According to Census 2011, the child sex ratio of Haryana is 834, which is lower than the national average of 919. Mewat district of Haryana has highest child sex ratio of 906 followed by Palwal (866) and Panchkula (863), whereas, Mahendragarh has lowest child sex ratio of 775 followed by Jhajjar (782) and Rewari (787).
Rural Child Sex Ratio
- Mewat district of Haryana has highest rural child sex ratio of 908 followed by Palwal (874) and Panchkula (871), whereas Mahendragarh has lowest rural child sex ratio of 774 followed by Jhajjar (778) and Rewari (783).
Urban Child Sex Ratio
- Mewat district of Haryana has highest urban child sex ratio of 890 followed by Panchkula (856) and Panipat (850). Mahendragarh district of Haryana has lowest urban child sex ratio of 783 followed by Jhajjar (794) and Sonipat (794).
District-wise Child Sex Ratio (Census 2011 : Final Data) | |||
District | Total | Rural | Urban |
Panchkula | 863 | 871 | 856 |
Ambala | 810 | 795 | 832 |
Yamunanagar | 826 | 828 | 823 |
Kurukshetra | 818 | 818 | 820 |
Kaithal | 828 | 829 | 825 |
Karnal | 824 | 829 | 810 |
Panipat | 837 | 826 | 850 |
Sonipat | 879 | 800 | 794 |
Jind | 838 | 839 | 833 |
Fatehabad | 854 | 858 | 836 |
Sirsa | 862 | 869 | 838 |
Hisar | 851 | 855 | 843 |
Bhiwani | 832 | 836 | 814 |
Rohtak | 821 | 822 | 818 |
Jhajjar | 782 | 778 | 794 |
Mahendragarh | 775 | 774 | 783 |
Rewari | 787 | 783 | 799 |
Gurgaon | 830 | 801 | 845 |
Mewat | 906 | 908 | 890 |
Faridabad | 843 | 834 | 847 |
Palwal | 866 | 874 | 830 |
Haryana | 834 | 835 | 823 |
Religion in Haryana
- Hindus are majority in Haryana and are about 88.23% of the population. Muslims (mainly Meo Community) are concentrated in the Mewat and Yamunanagar district, hile Sikhs are mostly in the districts adjoining Punjab, Hisar, Sirsa, Jind, Fatehabad, Kaithal, Kurukshetra, Ambala, Namaul and Panchkula. Haryana has second largest Sikh population in India after the state of Punjab. In May 2014, Haryana Government notified the Haryana Anand Marriages Registration Rules, 2014, allowing Sikhs to register their marriages under these rules. Although the Anand marriage law was enacted in 1909, there was no provision for registration of marriages.
Religion in Haryana | ||
Religion | Percent | |
Hinduism | 88.23% | |
Islam | 5.78% | |
Sikhism | 5.54% | |
Jainism | 0.27% | |
Others | 0.18% |
Health Indicator of Haryana
- The crude birth rate is the number of births per 1000 people per year. The crude birth rate of Haryana is 21.3, which is lower than the national average of 21.4.
- The crude death rate indicates the number of deaths per 1000 people per year. The crude death rate of Haryana is 6.3 (as against the national average of 7).
- The total fertility rate of Haryana is 2.3 (as against the national average of 2.4).
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) is the number of deaths of children less than 1 year of age per 1000 live births. The IMR of Haryana is 41 (as against the national average of 40).
- Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) indicates the number of maternal deaths per 1000 women of reproductive age in the population (generally defined as 15-44 years of age). The MMR of Haryana is 146 (as against the national average of 178).
Health profile of Haryana Compare with India | ||
Health Indicator | Haryana | India |
Crude Birth Rate (SRS 2013) | 21.3 | 21.4 |
Crude Death Rate (SRS 2013) | 6.3 | 7 |
Total Fertility Rate (SRS 2012) | 2.3 | 2.4 |
Infant Mortality Rate (SRS 2013) | 41 | 40 |
Maternal Mortality Rate (SRS 2010-12) | 146 | 178 |
Education in Haryana
- Haryana is one of the enriched Indian states that boast of agricultural 93 excellence. Besides, agro-industrial development, the state is concentrating to develop education to the next level. People of this region have realised the fact that it is education, that is the key source of entire development of the Society.
Literacy in Haryana
- Literacy rate of Haryana has been improved from 67.91% in 2001 to 75.55% in 2011. In rural areas, literacy rate increased from 63.19% to 71.42% and in urban areas from 79.16% to 83.14%.Haryana has been ranked 22nd in country in terms of literacy followed by Karnataka, Meghalaya and Odisha.
Haryana and Neighbour States/Union Territory
Literacy Rate | ||
2001 | 2011 | |
Haryana | 67.91% | 75.55% |
India | 64.83% | 73% |
- Haryana shares its border with four states:
- Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh and Rajasthan and one Union Territory ‘Delhi’.
Gender Gap
- lender gap refers to the difference between male and female literacy rate in a state, According to Census 2011, the male literacy rate in Haryana is 84.06% whereas that of female is 65.94%. Thus, there is a large difference i.e. gender gap in the state can be increased only by educational programmes focusing the female child in the state.
Gender Gap | ||
2001 | 2011 | |
Persons | 67.91% | 75.55% |
Males | 78.49% | 84.06% |
Females | 55.73% | 65.94% |
Gender gap | 22.76% | 18.12% |
Important Points
- Gurgaon has highest literacy rate of 84.07% followed by Panchkula (81.88%) and Ambala (81.75%).
- Mewat has lowest literacy rate of 54.08% followed by Fatehabad (67.91%) and Sirsa (68.82%)
- Rewari district of Haryana has highest male literacy rate of 91.44% followed by Gurgaon (90.46%) and Mahendragarh (89.72%).
- Mewat has lowest male literacy rate of 70% followed by Fatehabad (76.14%) and Sirsa (76.43%).
- Gurgaon district of Haryana has highest female literacy rate of 78% followed by Panchkula (76%) and Ambala (75.50%).
- Mewat has lowest female literacy rate of 36.60% followed by Fatehabad (58.87%) and Sirsa (60.40%).
Rural Literacy in Haryana
- According to Census 2011, the rural literacy rate of Haryana stands at 71.42%, which is greater than the national average of 67.8%. The rural male literacy rate of the state stands at 81.55%, which is greater than the national average of 77.2%. The rural female literacy rate of the state stands at 60.02%, which is also greater than the national average of 57.9%.
Rural Male-Female Literacy Gap | ||
2001 | 2011 | |
Total | 63.19% | 71.42% |
Male | 75.37% | 81.55% |
Female | 49.27% | 60.02% |
Gap | 26.1% | 21.53% |
Important Points
- Gurgaon has highest rural literacy rate of 80.10% followed by Rewari (79.70%) and Jhajjar (79.39%).
- Mewat has lovyest rural literacy rate of 52% followed by Sirsa (65.41%) and Fatehabad (65.52%).
- Rewari district of Haryana has highest rural male literacy rate of 91.41% followed by Gurgaon (90%) and Mahendragarh (89.56%).
- Mewat has lowest rural male literacy rate of 52% followed by Sirsa (65.41%) and Fatehabad (65.52%).
- Ambala has highest rural female literacy rate of 69.36% followed by Gurgaon (69.11%) and Jhajjar (68.46%).
- Mewat has lowest rural female literacy rate of 33.71% followed by Palwal (50%) and Fatehabad (55.65%).
Urban Literacy in Haryana
- According to Census 2011, the urban literacy rate of Haryana stands at 83.14%, which is less than the national average of 84.1%. The male urban literacy rate of the state stands at 88.63%, which is slightly less than the national average of 88.8%. The female urban literacy rate of the state stands at 76.90%, which is also less than the national average of 79.1%.
Urban Male-Female Literacy Gap | ||
2001 | 2011 | |
Total | 79.16% | 83.14% |
Male | 85.83% | 88.63% |
Female | 71.34% | 76.90% |
Gap | 14.49% | 11.73% |
Important Points
- Ambala has highest urban literacy rate of 87.46% followed by Gurgaon (86.76%) and Panchkula (86.72%).
- Mewat has lowest urban literacy rate of 69.42% followed by Palwal (77.81%) and Fatehabad (78%).
- Rewari district of Haryana has highest urban male literacy rate of 91.54% followed by Ambala (91.21%) and Gurgaon (90.73%).
- Mewat has lowest urban male literacy rate of 80.10% followed by Fatehabad (83.03%) and Sirsa (84.36%).
- Ambala has highest urban female literacy rate of 83.20% followed by Panchkula (82.48%) and Gurgaon (82.06%).
- Mewat has lowest urban female literacy rate of 57.71% followed by Palwal (68.45%) and Kaithal (70.08%).
Primary and Secondary Education in Haryana
- The school education system in Haryana is not lagging behind the other Indian States. There are pre-primary, primary, secondary, higher-secondary and degree education available in this state. Both government and private schools are there in Haryana. There are around 14025 primary, 3483 middle and 7060 High/Secondary Schools in Haryana. The government schools are administered by the Education Department of the State Government, which is broadly termed as the Haryana Education Board. Majority of the private schools are affiliated under Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE).
Haryana Board of School Education
- The Board of School Education in Haryana was established in 1969 at Chandigarh. Haryana Board of Education is the authority, which conducts the public examinations at middle, matric and senior secondary (academic and vocational) levels twice a year in the State of Haryana through the affiliated schools.
- The board started working with a staff of 100 officials allocated from Punjab University, Chandigarh. Board conducted its first examination of matric level in year 1970. From year 1976, board also started conducting middle examination (8th class). In year 1981, board was shifted to Bhiwani. In year 1987, board started conducting 10+2 examination and later in 1990, also started conducting vocational examination.
- In 1994, board established Haryana Open School to increase its sphere. Board has adopted the semester system from session 2006-2007. It is the first educational board in India to do so and also the first board to introduce relative grading, Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) in all board classes i.e. middle, secondary and senior secondary.
- State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT)
- It was established in April, 1979. It was the conglomeration of State Institute of Education and State Institute of Science to provide new dimensions to school education. It’s been a firm view of Haryana Education Department to enhance educational standards of teachers, so as to bring about overall qualitative improvement in different echelons of school education. It is in recognition of this endeavour that SCERT through its eight different departments fulfils all the needs and requirements in the field of education.
- The council lays highest importance on maintaining excellence in teaching both as an end in itself and as a basis for creativity for sustaining excellence in research. The institution aims to acquaint teachers with innovations brought out in the sphere of school education through continuous training sessions, workshops and other measures.
Objectives of SCERT
- To bring about qualitative enhancement at all levels of education.
- To provide academic research, extension and training support in the field of school education throughout the state.
- To assist/advise the Department of Education of Haryana Government to implement its policies and major programmes in the field of primary education.
- To provide academic backup, leadership, guidance and suggestions for the qualitative improvement of primary education through reorientation of educational content and practice.
- To provide leadership, academic guidance, suggestions to institutions such as DIETs, GETTIs and private institutions.
- To achieve the goals of revamping primary education in Haryana State.
- To organise innovative programmes for the propagation and dissemination for new trends and approaches related to education.
- To publish educational literature.
- To organise creative programmes like science fairs, drama, students science seminars, youth parliament, commissioner cup, essay writing competition, debate competition at grass-root level to promote the overall development of students.
Some Government Schemes
Mukhya Mantri Shihsha Deehsha Yojana
- Haryana government on 5th February, 2014 launched a “Mukhya Mantri Shiksha Deeksha Yojana” in all government schools of the state, which is a scheme based on the concept of activity-oriented learning. This scheme is aimed at enhancing the standard government education by having a qualitative change, informed on official.
Shiksha Pariyojana Parishad
- Haryana school Shiksha Pariyojana Parishad is a Haryana’s Government Department Registered Society, which is primarily responsible to implement Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) and Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA) in Haryana State.
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
- It is Government of India’s flagship programme for achievement of Universalisation of Elementary Education (UEE) in a time bound manner, as mandated by 86th Amendment to the Constitution of India making free and compulsory education to the children of 6-14 years age group, a fundamental right. SSA is being implemented in partnership with State Government.
Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan
- This scheme was launched in March 2009, with the objective to enhance access to secondary education and improve its quality and the implementation of the scheme started from 2009-2010.
- It is envisaged to achieve an enrolment rate of 75% from 52.26% in 2005-2006 at secondary stage within 5 years by providing a secondary school within a reasonable distance of any habitation. The other objectives include improving quality of education imparted at secondary level through making all secondary schools conform to prescribed norms, removing gender, socio-economic and disability barriers, providing universal access to secondary level education by 2017, i.e., by the end of Twelfth Five Year Plan and achieving universal retention by 2020.
Girl Education in Haryana
- The Haryana Government is chiefly concerned about literacy among females. Haryana Government offers concessions and incentives for girls and especially to those belonging to Backward /EWS and Schedule Castes. Scheduled Castes /EWS girls in primary, middle and high classes are being provided with free uniforms. Scheduled Castes/EWS students are provided grants for books and stationary articles and given scholarships and reimbursement of tuition fees. Education is free for female candidates upto graduation level.
Higher Education in Haryana
- To make Haryana, a leading state educationally has been the principal concern of the State Government. The primary focus of the State Government is to provide quality and need based education to all. Education scene today in the state is at a tipping point.
- The higher education sector in Haryana is to respond to the dynamic changes happening all over the globe.
- A market driven approach, adopting emerging technologies, effective fund raising and deployment backed by the right policy framework by the government is key to boost the higher education sector. Incredible expansion has taken place in the field of higher education both in terms of quality and quantity, during the tenure of the present government.
- It is very much evident from the fact that Haryana Government has increased the annual budget allocation from ₹ 927.58 crore in 2012-13 to ₹ 1097.70 crore in 2013-2014. duality education to all is the priority of the Higher Education Department. Higher Education Department has the Motto-Access, Equity and Quality.
Universities in Haryana
- The State of Haryana has some of the best universities in India, offering excellent research facilities. The varied universities offer education in diverse fields of law, sciences, technology, commerce and management, life sciences, arts and languages.
- Few of the prestigious universities in Haryana working towards the noble purpose of spreading knowledge, developing educated and skilled individuals include Kurukshetra University, Maharishi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak, Guru Jambheshwar University etc. Haryana also boasts of one of the country’s finest National Institutes of Technology (NIT), Kurukshetra. Some of the other research institutes include National Brain Research Centre in Manesar and National Dairy Research Institute in Kamal. Kurukshetra University is one of the most reputed educational facilities of Haryana.
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University
- It was established on 2nd February, 1970 by an Act of Parliament. It is situated in Hisar, Haryana. CCS HAU is one of the most prestigious universities in Asia for imparting education in agriculture. It is popular among residents as HAU and it.
- CCS HAU is one of Asia’s major agricultural universities and it has contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India. The university is affiliated to the University Grant Commission (UGC), Government of India. CCS HAU was the first higher education institute, which created a separate college for sports in India. The university was named after India’s 7th Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. Earlier the university was part of the Punjab Agricultural University, which became an autonomous institution in 1966, with the division of Punjab and Haryana.
Chaudhary Devi Lal University
- This university was established in the year 2003 at Sirsa, Haryana. It was named after in the honour of the former Deputy Prime Minister of India, Late Chaudhary Devi Lal.The university has been successfully running 16 academic departments, which offer 21 career oriented and specialised courses to the students.
Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, formerly Chhotu Ram State College of Engineering (CRSCE), Murthal started in 1987 and is the first government engineering college in the State of Haryana.The campus will also house the Central Institute of Plastics Engineering, established by the Act of Parliament shortly. The university has been awarded with the Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme Phase II (TEQIP Phase II) of the World Bank Project.
Guru Jambheshwar University
- It was established on 20th October, 1995 at Hisar, by an Act of the Legislature of the State of Haryana with the objectives to facilitate and promote studies and research in emerging areas of higher education with focus on new frontiers of technology, pharmacy, environmental studies, non-conventional energy sources and management studies. The university was named after Guru Jambheshwar Ji Maharaj, a saint environmentalist of 15th century. Owing to the nature of courses offered at the university and the purpose of the establishment, the university’s name has been changed as Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology.
Kurukshetra University
- It is located in Kurukshetra, is a premier institute of higher learning in India. The foundation stone of the university was laid in 1956 by the first President of the India, Dr Rajendra Prasad. The campus of the university is situated on the bank of the holy ink, Brahma Sarovar and spans over an area of 400 acre. The university imparts education in diverse fields such as science technology, humanities, social sciences, performing arts and sports. The university also runs a directorate of correspondence courses. It has 457 affiliated colleges and institutes in the districts of Yamuna nagar, Hisar, Fatehabad, Jind, Karnal, Sirsa, Ambala, Panipat.
Maharishi Markandeshwar University
- Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana-Ambala, earlier known as Maharishi Markandeshwar Education Trust was established in the year 1993, in the name of Lord dhiva’s devotee, Maharishi Markandeshwar Ji. The university was established as a group of institution by Tarsem Kumar Garg.The university has been providing quality education in technical, professional and medical streams in Northern India for about 15 years. YMCA University of Science and Technology YMCA University of Science and Technology (YMCA UST), formerly YMCA Institute of Engineering (YMCA IE), is a state university located in Faridabad, in the State of Haryana, India.
- YMCA UST was established in 1969, as an Indo-German Project, a joint venture of the National Council of YMCAs of India, the Government of Haryana and the central agencies for development aid, Bonn, Germany. In December, 2009, it was upgraded to the status of state university by the State Government, awarding it autonomous status. YMCA University hold 4 years B. Tech courses in several engineering.
Maharishi Dayanand University (MDU)
- Maharishi Dayanand University, erstwhile, Rohtak University in Rohtak, came into existence in 1976. It was renamed as Maharshi Dayanand University in 1977, after the great social reformer, Maharshi Dayanand. The university secured the recognition of University Grants Commission (UGC) in 1983.
Deemed Universities
National Brain Research Centre
- National Brain Research Centre (NBRC) is a national apex centre for brain research, it is established by the Department of Biotechnology of India. It is the only institute in India, dedicated to neuroscience research and education. It is located in the Aravalli range in Manesar, Haryana. NBRC has infrastructural facilities and a team of scientists from varied fields, who are working on neuroscience.
National Dairy Research Institute
- National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI) is situated at Karnal, it is a chief dairy research institution of India. It was originally started as Imperial Institute of Animal Husbandry and Dairying in 1923 at Bangalore.
- It was expanded and renamed as Imperial Dairy Institute in 1936 and was known as National Dairy Research Institute after independence in 1947. In 1955, NDRI headquarters was shifted to Karnal.
- The institute undertakes research, teaching and extension activities towards dairy development in the country. It conducts basic and applied research to enhance animal productivity and also to develop cost effective technologies. The institute has also been recognised as centre of advanced studies in the disciplines of animal genetics and breeding and dairy technology to further strengthen its HRD activities. The institute offers 30 specially designed international training courses, which offer contemporary knowledge for addressing issues concerning, animal breeding, feeding, milk processing and marketing.
National Institute of Technology (NIT)
- National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra or NIT Kurukshetra (earlier known as Regional Engineering College, Kurukshetra) is a public technical university wholly funded by Government of India. It has been accredited with the status of Institution of National Importance (INI). The National Institute of Technology (NIT) was established in the year 1962. NIT became a Deemed University in the year 2002 and thus acquired its new name i.e., National Institute of Technology. Today, it enjoys a Deemed University status under University Grants Commission (UGC) Act.
- It is one of the twenty National Institutes of Technology established and administered by Government of India. The institute offers undergraduate and postgraduate programmes in engineering and doctor of philosophy progamme in engineering, sciences and humanities.
Manav Rachna International University
- It was established in 1997. The university has campus in Faridabad. Previously functioning under Maharshi Dayanand University as Career Institute of Technology and Management, the institute gained deemed status in 2008-2009 and was renamed Manav Rachna International University. In 2008, the Deemed University attained the status of a full-fledged university, under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956. It is consistently ranked among India’s top engineering colleges and private universities. Faridabad Institute of Technology (established in 2000), a part of Manav Rachna Educational Institutions was also merged into Manav Rachna International University.
Lingaya’s University
- Lingaya’s University is a Deemed University established in the year 1998 in Faridabad. Previously functioning under Maharishi Dayanand University as Lingaya’s Institute of Management and Technology (established in 1998), the institute gained deemed status in 2009-2010 and was renamed Lingaya’s University. In 2009, the Deemed University attained the status of a full-fledged university, under Section 3 of the UGC Act, 1956.
Government Engineering Colleges
- Chaudhary Devi Lal Memorial Government Engineering College, Sirsa
- Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sirsa
- Chhotu Ram State College of Engineering, Sonipat
- College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Sonipat
- Indraprasth Institute of Aeronautics, Gurgaon
- Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
- Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Sonipat
- National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
- National Power Training Institute (NPTI), Faridabad
- YMCA University of Science and Technology, Faridabad
Medical Colleges
- BPS Government Medical College for Women, Sonipat
- Gold Field Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Faridabad
- Maharaja Agrasen Medical College, Agroha
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Ambala
- Pt BD Sharma Post graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak
- Shree Guru Gobiftd Singh Tricentenary Medical College, Gurgaon
Mass Communication Colleges
- Institute of Mass Communication and Media Technology, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra
- College of Communication and Management, Gurgaon
Education and Skill Development Facilities
Over the last few years, the state has accorded priority to this sector. An enabling legislation to establish private universities is already in place and the state has developed the Rajiv Gandhi Education City near Rai-Kundli over an area of about 2000 acres
Name of the Institute | Location | Status |
Indian Institute of Corporate Affairs (IICA) | IMT, Manesar | The institute is being set-up by the Ministry of Corporate Affairs, GOI over a plot of 14 acres. |
Central Institute of Plastics Engineering and Technology (CIPET) | Murthal | The institute is being set-up by the Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilisers, GOI. |
National Institue of Food Technology, Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) | Kundli | The institute is being set-up by the Ministry of Food Procesing Industries, GOI over a plot of 100 acres. |
Footwear Design and Development Institute (FDDI) | IMT, Rohtak | The Institute is being setup by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, over a plot of 17 acres. |
National Automotive Testing and Research and Development Infrastructure Project (NATRDIP) | IMT, Manesar | The project is being set up by the Ministry of Heavy Industry and Public Enterprise, Government of India over a plot of 46 acres. |
National Institute of Design (NID) | Being finalised | The institute has been approved for Haryana by the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, Government of India. |
State Institute of Film and Television; State Institute of Fashion and Design, State Institute of Fine Arts; State Institute of Professional Studies for Women | Rohtak | The four institutions are being set-up over an area of 22 acres. |
Global Centre for Nuclear Energy Partnerships with four schools School of Advanced Nuclear Energy System Studies | Keri Jassaur and Jassaur Kheri near Bahadurgarh in Jhajjar district | The Department of Atomic Energy, Government of India is establishing the centre over an area of 235 acres of land. |
- (Phase-I) in close proximity to Delhi, where plots have been/are being allotted for establishment of higher education institutions.
- The sector offers a huge potential for investment as the state is growing to be a preferred destination among young aspirants for pursuing higher education in various disciplines.
- The development of second phase of the Education City will be taken up in due course of time. The Government of India has also sanctioned the Indian Institute of Management, which is being set-up near Rohtak.
- Recognising that development of matching skill-sets is a pre-requisite for the growth of industry, the state has taken steps for establishment of such institutions.
Some of the institutions that have a direct relationship with capacity-building for the manufacturing sector are being set-up in the state as per details mentioned here under:
It has been decided to make provision of land/plots for establishment of Technical Training Institutions/ Skill Development Centres by the public/private sector in the IMTs being developed by the HSIDC to the extent these institutions directly co-relate to the development of skill-sets for the manufacturing sector.
इतिहास
इतिहास
- हरियाणा एक कृषि प्रधान राज्य है जिसने आधुनिकता का समन्वय कर भारत में अपना अलग स्थान बनाया है। इसका इतिहास वैदिक काल से ही गौरवपूर्ण रहा है। भरत वंश के शासकों ने इस प्रदेश पर राज्य किया, जिनके नाम पर देश का नाम भारत पड़ा। महाभारत के कौरवों व पांडवों ने हरियाणा के कुरुक्षेत्र में युद्ध किया था। मुसलमानों के आगमन से पूर्व हरियाणा ने भारत के इतिहास में महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाई। तदुपरांत यह दिल्ली का एक भाग बन गया।
- 1857 के प्रसिद्ध विद्रोह को कुचलने के पश्चात् अंग्रेजों ने बहादुरगढ़ व झज्जर के नवाबों, वल्लभगढ़ के राजा व खाड़ी के राव तुलाराम को सत्ता से हटा दिया था। उनके क्षेत्र या तो ब्रिटिश क्षेत्रों में मिला लिए गए अथवा नाभा, पटियाला व जींद के शासकों के सुपुर्द कर दिए गए। इस प्रकार अंग्रेजों द्वारा हरियाणा को पंजाब प्रान्त का हिस्सा बना दिया गया। 1 नवंबर, 1966 को पंजाब का पुनर्गठन कर हरियाणा को पूर्ण राज्य का दर्जा दिया गया।
भूगोल
- हरियाणा भारत का उत्तर पश्चिमी राज्य है। इसकी स्थिति 270 39 से 300 35 उत्तरी अक्षांश तथा 740 28 से 770 36 पूर्वी देशान्तर के बीच है। इसके पूर्व में उत्तर प्रदेश, उत्तर में हिमाचल प्रदेश, उत्तर-पश्चिम में पंजाब तथा दक्षिण-पश्चिम में राजस्थान है। हरियाणा की राजधानी चण्डीगढ़ है।
- हरियाणा का क्षेत्रफल 44, 212 वर्ग किमी० है तथा क्षेत्रफल की दृष्टि से भारत में इसका स्थान 21वाँ है। जनसंख्या की दृष्टि से इसका स्थान 16वाँ है। इसकी कुल जनसंख्या 2,53,53081 व्यक्ति है। जनसंख्या घनत्व 477 व्यक्ति प्रति वर्ग किमी० तथा स्त्री-पुरूष अनुपात 861 महिलाएँ प्रति 1000 पुरुष है।
प्रशासन व राजव्यवस्था
- प्रशासनिक कार्यकुशलता के लिए हरियाणा को 6 मण्डल, 22 जिलों, 72 उपमण्डलों, 93 तहसीलों, 50 उप-तहसीलों, 140 खण्ड (ब्लॉक) व 6,848 गाँवों में विभाजित किया गया है।
- हरियाणा में 4 मण्डल हैं:-
- अम्बाला
- हिसार
- रोहतक
- गुड़गाँव
- फरीदाबाद
- करनाल
- राज्य में एक सदनीय विधानमंडल है, जिसके सदस्यों की संख्या 90 निर्धारित है। हरियाणा के वर्तमान राज्यपाल श्री बण्डारू दत्तारेय व मुख्यमंत्री श्री मनोहर लाल खट्टर हैं।
- अप्रैल-मई 2019 के लोक सभा चुनाव में भारतीय जनता पार्टी को सफलता प्राप्त हुई। उसे हरियाणा के 10 लोक सभा सीटों में 10 सीट पर सफलता प्राप्त हुई वहीँ कांग्रेस को केवल एक सीट भी प्राप्त नहीं हुई। अक्टूबर 2019 को संपन्न हुए चौदहवी विधान सभा चुनाव में भी भारतीय जनता पार्टी को भारी सफलता प्राप्त हुई। इस विधान सभा चुनाव में विभिन्न दलों की स्थिति कुछ इस प्रकार रही:-
कुल सीट | 90 |
भारतीय जनता पार्टी | 40 |
जननायक जनता पार्टी | 10 |
इंडियन नेशनल लोक दल | 1 |
भारतीय राष्ट्रीय कांग्रेस | 31 |
हरियाणा लोकहित कांग्रेस | 1 |
बहुजन समाजवादी पार्टी | 0 |
शिरोमणि अकाली दल | 0 |
निर्दलीय | 7 |
अर्थव्यवस्था
- हरियाणा मुख्य रूप से एक कृषि प्रधान राज्य है। यहाँ चावल, जौ, चना, ज्वार, बाजरा, गेहूँ गन्ना, तिलहन और कपास की खेतीकी जाती है। खाद्यान्न की दृष्टि से हरियाणा पूर्णरूपेण आत्मनिर्भर बन चुका है।
- औद्योगिक क्षेत्र में भी हरियाणा का अग्रणी स्थान है। हरियाणा देश में सबसे अधिक ट्रैक्टर का उत्पादन करता है। हरियाणा के प्रमुख उद्योग सीमेंट, चीनी, कागज, सूती कपड़ा टेलीविजन सेट, काँच का सामान, ट्रैक्टर, मोटर-साइकिल, पीतल का सामान, स्वास्थ्य संबंधी सामान आदि हैं।
शिक्षा
- वर्ष 2011 की जनगणना के अनुसार हरियाणा राज्य की साक्षरता दर 76. 60 प्रतिशत है जिसमें 85.40 प्रतिशत साक्षर पुरूष एवं 66.810 प्रतिशत साक्षर महिलाएँ सम्मिलित है। वर्ष 2001- 2011 के दशक में राज्य की पुरुष एवं महिला साक्षरता दर में क्रमश: 6.90 प्रतिशत तथा 11.10 प्रतिशत वृद्धि दर्ज की गई है।
- हरियाणा के प्रमुख विश्वविद्यालयों में महर्षि दयानन्द विश्वविद्यालय ( रोहतक), कुरूक्षेत्र विश्वविद्यालय (कुरूक्षेत्र), चौधरी चरण सिंह कृषि विश्वविद्यालय ( हिसार), गुरूजम्बेश्वर विश्वविद्यालय (हिसार), चौधरी देवीलाल विश्वविद्यालय ( सिरसा) शामिल हैं।
परिवहन
- हरियाणा में कुल सड़कों की लंबाई 26,022 किमी० है। वर्ष 1966 में हरियाणा राज्य के गठन के समय 5,100 किमी० लम्बी पक्की सड़कें ही थीं। यहाँ राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग की लम्बाई 2482 किमी० है।
- अम्बाला, पानीपत, जाखल, जींद, हिसार, रोहतक, फरीदाबाद, भवानी और रेवाड़ी यहाँ के प्रमुख रेलवे स्टेशन हैं। हरियाणा में 5 असैनिक हवाई अड्डे हैं- हिसार, करनाल, पिंजौर, नारनौल, व भिवानी।
पर्यटन
हरियाणा में बडखड झील ( फरीदाबाद), कर्ण झील (उचाना), किंगफिशर (अम्बाला), दबचीक (होडल), स्काईलार्क (पानीपत), यादवेन्द्रगार्डन (पिंजौर) व सुल्तानपुर पक्षी विहार (गुड़गाँव) आदि प्रमुख पर्यटन स्थल हैं।
महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य: एक नजर में
- मंडल सख्या- 6
- जिला संख्या – 22
- उपमण्डल संख्या – 72
- तहसील संख्या – 93
- उप – तहसील संख्या – 50
- खण्ड ( ब्लाक) संख्या – 140
- नगर संख्या – 154
- गाँव ( वे गाँव भी शामिल जिनमें बसावट नहीं है) – 6848
- भूगोलीय क्षेत्र – 0.44 लाख वर्ग किलोमीटर
- वनों से आच्छादित क्षेत्र (प्रतिशत में)- 3,62%
- कुल बीजारोपित क्षेत्र – 8.2%
- कुल सिंचित क्षेत्र – 84%
- गेहूँ का औसत उत्पादन- 46.14 क्विंटल/हेक्टेयर
- चावल का औसत उत्पादन – 27.26 क्विंटल /हेक्टेयर
- कुल जनसंख्या – 2,53,53,081 लाख व्यक्ति
- ग्रामीण जनसंख्या – 1,65,31,493 लाख व्यक्ति
- शहरी जनसंख्या – 81,21,588 लाख व्यक्ति
- ग्रामीण जनसंख्या का प्रतिशत – 62.21%
- शहरी जनसंख्या का प्रतिशत – 34.79%
- 0-6 वर्ष के बीच जनसंख्या का प्रतिशत – 13.0%
- दशकीय जनसंख्या वृद्धि दर (2001-2011)-19.9%
- साक्षरता प्रतिशत – 76.60%
- साक्षर पुरुषों का प्रतिशत – 85.40%
- साक्षर महिलाओं का प्रतिशत – 66.80%
- जन्म दर (2007) – 23.4 प्रति 1000
- मृत्यु दर (2007) – 55.00 प्रति 1000
- जीवन प्रत्याशा – पुरुष – 65.50 वर्ष, महिला – 70.00 वर्ष
- जनसंख्या घनत्व – 573 व्यक्ति प्रति वर्ग कि० मी०
- लिंगानुपात – 877 महिलाएँ प्रति 1000 पुरुष
- लिंगानुपात – 830 लड़कियाँ प्रति 1000 लड़के (0-6 वर्ष)
- उर्वरक की खपत – 200 कि०ग्रा/हेक्टेयर
- प्रति व्यक्ति दूध की उपलब्धता – 1087 ग्राम/प्रतिदिन
- प्रति व्यक्ति आय-
स्थिर मूल्यों पर (2019-20) –1,76,999 रूपए
वर्तमान मूल्यों पर (2019-20) –2,64,207 रूपए